Models & Assays
Freund's Complete Adjuvant Model of Inflammatory Pain
The intra-plantar injection of Freund’s Complete Adjuvant (FCA) produces an acute inflammatory response that peaks at approximately 24h, and is maintained for over 30 days post injection. Edema is measured by the threshold withdrawal response to Von Frey hairs. NCEs can be tested either acutely (i.e. 1 day post FCA), or longer term (i.e. 30 days post FCA). An advantage of testing longer term FCA injection is that this may more closely mimic the deleterious effects of long term inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.



Rats were injected intra-plantar with Freunds adjuvant (0.5-1mg/ml, 50uL volume) and paw volume measured over 30 days. At 30 day (but not 1 day), some evidence of bone erosion (*) and cartilage loss (#) was evident in some animals.